Norwegian teacher educators’ attentiveness to democracy and their practices

Heidi Biseth, Susan Cathrine Lyden

Abstract


The aim of the study is to gain insight into teacher educators’ attentiveness to democracy, i.e. how they understand democracy and how they describe their own practices of instilling democratic competencies and values in pre-service teachers. Through using a questionnaire modified from the Global Doing Democracy Research Project, we elicited responses from 153 respondents. The material was analysed using “thin†versus “thick†notions of democracy and three categories of citizenship. The results of this study indicate that teacher educators primarily understand democracy as a societal structure, a way of politically organizing a society in which elections are a core activity. Hence, their practice reflects this somewhat thin understanding of democracy. Overwhelmingly, they perceive the two dominant ways of promoting democracy to be to encourage students to take part in formal participatory structures and to engage students in discussions and debates within the classroom.

https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.17.7.2


Keywords


teacher education, democratic competencies, citizenship education

Full Text:

PDF

References


Barber B. R. (1984/2003) Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.

Biseth, H. (2009). Democracy and education in a multicultural Scandinavia: what mandate is designated to educators? Intercultural Education, 20(3), 243-254, https://doi.org/10.1080/14675980903138590

Biseth, H. (2010). Diversity and democracy in Scandinavian schools: Examples of good practices? In C. Govaris & S. Kaldi (Eds.), The educational challenge of diversity in the international context (pp. 75-98). Münster: Waxmann.

Biseth, H. (2011). Citizenship Education in Scandinavian Multicultural Schools: A Comparative Study of Students' and Teachers' Perceptions. Citizenship Teaching and Learning, 7(1), 71-88, https://doi.org/10.1386/ctl.7.1.71_1

Biseth, H. (2012). Educators as custodians of democracy: A comparative investigation of democracy in multicultural school environments in the Scandinavian capitals. (Ph.D.), University of Oslo, Oslo.

Carr, P. R., Zyngier, D. & Pruyn, M. (2014). Can Educators Make a Difference? Experimenting with, and Experiencing, Democracy in Education. Greenwich: IAP - Information Age Publishing, Inc.

Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D. & Christian, L.M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method. Hoboken: Wiley.

Eriksen, K. G. (2018). Bringing Democratic Theory into Didactical Practice. Concepts of Education for Democracy Among Norwegian Pre-service Teachers. Interchange, pp. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10780-018-9332-7

Fjeldstad, D., Lauglo, J. & Mikkelsen, R. (2010). Demokratisk beredskap: Kortrapport om norske ungdomsskoleelevers prestasjoner og svar på spørsmål i den internasjonale demokratiundersøkelsen [Democratic engagement: Short report on Norwegian lower secondary students’ performance og responses to questions in the international study on democracy] - International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS 2009). Oslo: Universitetet i Oslo/International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA).

Gandin, L. A. & Apple, M. W. (2002). Thin versus thick democracy in education: Porto Alegre and the creation of alternatives to neo-liberalism. International Studies in Sociology of Education, 12, 99-116, https://doi.org/10.1080/09620210200200085

Giroux, H. A. (2011). On Critical Pedagogy. NYC/London: Continuum International.

Haugen, C. R., Hestbek, T. A. & Øfsti, R. (2014). Pedagogikk, politikk og etikk: demokratiske utfordringer og muligheter i norsk skole [Pedagogy, politics and ethics: democratic challenges and possibilities in the Norwegian school system]. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.

Huang, L., Ødegård, G., Hegna, K., Svagård, V., Helland, T. & Seland, I. (2017). Unge medborgere. Demokratiforståelse, kunnskap og engasjement blant 9.-klassinger i Norge [Young citizens: Understanding of democracy, knowledge and engagement among Grade 9 students in Norway]: The International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2016. Oslo: NOVA-Høgskolen i Oslo og Akershus (HIOA)/ International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA).

Kunnskapsdepartementet [Ministry of Education and Research]. (2016). Fag - Fordypning - Forståelse: En fornyelse av Kunnskapsløftet (Meld. St. 28 2015-2016) [Subject – Specialisation – Understanding: A renewal of the Knowledge Promotion Curriculum (White Paper 28: 2015-2016)]. Oslo: Kunnskapsdepartementet.

Levinson, B. A. U. (2011). Toward an Anthropology of (Democratic) Citizenship Education. In B. A. U. Levinson & M. Pollock (Eds.), A Companion to the Anthropology of Education (pp. 279-298). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444396713

Mikkelsen, R., Fjeldstad, D. & Lauglo, J. (2011). Morgendagens samfunnsborgere. Norske ungdomsskoleelevers prestasjoner og svar på spørsmål i den internasjonale demokratiundersøkelsen ICCS [Citizens of tomorrow: Norwegian lower secondary students’ performance og responses to questions in the international study on democracy ICCS]. Oslo: Acta Didactica.

Ministry of Education (1998). The Education Act. Oslo: Ministry of Education.

Ministry of Education and Research (2016a). Regulations Relating to the Framework Plan for Primary and Lower Secondary Teacher Education for Years 1–7. Oslo: Ministry of Education and Research.

Ministry of Education and Research (2016b). Regulations Relating to the Framework Plan for Primary and Lower Secondary Teacher Education for Years 5–10. Oslo: Ministry of Education and Research.

Parker, W. (1996). "Advanced" Ideas about Democracy: Toward a Pluralist Conception of Citizenship Education. Teachers College Record, 98(1), 104-125.

Schulz, W., Ainley, J., Fraillon, J., Kerr, D. & Losito, B. (2010). Initial Findings from the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study. Amsterdam: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA).

Selle, P. & Østerud, Ø. (2006). The eroding of representative democracy in Norway. Journal of European Public Policy, 13(4), 551-568, https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760600693929

Solhaug T. (2003). Utdanning til demokratisk medborgerskap [Education for democratic citizenship]. Oslo: Institutt for lærerutdanning og skoleutvikling, Universitetet i Oslo.

Statistics Norway (2018). Key figures for the population. Retrieved July 8, 2018 from https://www.ssb.no/en/befolkning/nokkeltall/population

Stray, J. H. & Sætra, E. (2015). Samfunnsfagets demokratioppdrag i fremtidens skole: En undersøkelse av samfunnsfaglæreres opplevelse av fagets rammebetingelser og Ludvigsen-utvalgets utredninger [The democratic assignment of social studies in the school of the future]. Norsk pedagogisk tidsskrift, 99, 460-471.

The Economist Intelligence Unit (2018). Democracy Index. Retrieved July 8, 2018 from https://infographics.economist.com/2018/DemocracyIndex/

Westheimer, J. (2015). What Kind of Citizen? Educating Our Children for the Common Good. New York: Teachers College Press.

Westheimer J & Kahne J. (2004). What kind of citizen? The politics of educating for democracy. American Education Research Journal, 41(2), 237-269, https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312041002237.

Wistrøm, Ø. & Madsen, M. (2018). Democracy and science: two sides of the same coin?. Nordisk tidsskrift for pedagogikk og kritikk, 4, 50–68, http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/ntpk.v4.559

Zyngier D. (2012). Rethinking the Thinking on Democracy in Education: What Are Educators Thinking (and Doing) About Democracy? Education Sciences, 2(1), 1-21, https://doi.org/10.3390/educ2010001.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


e-ISSN: 1694-2116

p-ISSN: 1694-2493